CS6456 Notes Object Oriented Programming

CS6456 Notes Object Oriented Programming Regulation 2013 Anna University

CS6456 Notes

1.Object–Oriented Programming Concepts:

The important concept of OOPs are:

Objects, Classes, Inheritance, Data Abstraction, Data Encapsulation, Polymorphism, Overloading, Reusability.

Objects:

Object is the basic unit of object-oriented programming. Objects are identified by its unique name. An object represents a particular instance of a class. There can be more than one instance of an object. Each instance of an object can hold its own relevant data.

An Object is a collection of data members and associated member functions also known as methods.

Classes:

Classes are data types based on which objects are created. Objects with similar properties and methods are grouped together to form a Class. Thus a Class represent a set of individual objects. Characteristics of an object are represented in a class as Properties. The actions that can be performed by objects becomes functions of the class and is referred to as Methods.

For example consider we have a Class of Cars under which Santro Xing, Alto and WaganR represents individual Objects. In this context each Car Object will have its own, Model, Year of Manufacture, Colour, Top Speed, Engine Power etc., which form Properties of the Car class and the associated actions i.e., object functions like Start, Move, Stop form the Methods of Car Class. No memory is allocated when a class is created. Memory is allocated only when an object
is created, i.e., when an instance of a class is created.

Inheritance:

Inheritance is the process of forming a new class from an existing class or base class. The base class is also known as parent class or super class, The new class that is formed is called derived class. Derived class is also known as a child class or sub class. Inheritance helps in reducing the overall code size of the program, which is an important concept in object-oriented programming.

Subject Name	Object Oriented Programming
Subject Code	CS6456
Regulation	2013
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EE6401 Notes Electrical Machines 1

EE6401 Notes Electrical Machines 1 Regulation 2013 Anna University

AIM of EE6401 Notes

To expose the students to the basic principles of Electro mechanical Energy Conversion in Electrical Apparatus and the operation of Transformers and DC Machines.

OBJECTIVES Electrical Machines 1 Notes:

To introduce techniques of magnetic-circuit analysis and introduce magnetic materials.

Familiarize the constructional details, the principle of operation,
prediction of performance, the methods of testing the transformers and three phase transformer connections.

To study the working principles of electrical machines using the concepts of electromechanical energy conversion principles and derive expressions for generated voltage and torque developed in all Electrical Machines.

Study the working principles of DC machines as Generator types,
determination of their no load / load characteristics, starting and methods of speed control of motors.

To estimate the various losses taking place in D.C. Motor and to study the different testing methods to arrive at their performance.

TEXT BOOKS EE6401 Notes:

1. Nagrath I. J and Kothari D. P. ‘Electric Machines’, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd,1990.

2. P.S. Bimbhra, ‘Electrical Machinery’, Khanna Publishers, 2003.

REFERENCES Electrical Machines 1 Notes:

1. Fitzgerald.A.E., Charles KingselyJr, Stephen D.Umans, ‘Electric Machinery’, McGraw Hill BooksCompany, 1992.

2. P. C. Sen., ‘Principles of Electrical Machines and Power Electronics’, John Wiley&Sons, 1997.

3. K. Murugesh Kumar, ‘Electric Machines’, Vikas publishing house Pvt Ltd, 2002.

Subject Name	Electrical Machines 1
Subject Code	EE6401
Regulation	2013
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ME6404 Notes THERMAL ENGINEERING

ME6404 Notes THERMAL ENGINEERING Regulation 2013 Anna University.

OBJECTIVES ME6404 Notes:

To integrate the concepts, laws and methodologies from the first course in thermodynamics into analysis of cyclic processes

To apply the thermodynamic concepts into various thermal application like IC engines, Steam Turbines, Compressors and Refrigeration and Air conditioning systems

(Use of standard refrigerant property data book, Steam Tables, Mollier diagram and Psychrometric chart permitted)

OUTCOMES Thermal Engineering Notes :

Upon completion of this course, the students can able to apply the different gas power cycles and use of them in IC and R&AC applications.

TEXT BOOKS ME6404 Notes:

1. Rajput. R. K., “Thermal Engineering” S.Chand Publishers, 2000

2. Kothandaraman.C.P., Domkundwar. S,Domkundwar. A.V., “A course in thermal Engineering”, Fifth Edition, ”Dhanpat Rai & sons , 2002

REFERENCES Thermal Engineering Notes:

1. Sarkar, B.K,”Thermal Engineering” Tata McGraw-Hill Publishers, 2007

2. Arora.C.P, ”Refrigeration and Air Conditioning ,” Tata McGraw-Hill Publishers 1994

3. Ganesan V..” Internal Combustion Engines” , Third Edition, Tata Mcgraw-Hill 2007

4. Rudramoorthy, R, “Thermal Engineering “,Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi,2003

5. Ramalingam. K.K., “Thermal Engineering”, SCITECH Publications (India) Pvt. Ltd., 2009.

Subject Name	THERMAL ENGINEERING
Subject code	ME6404
Regulation	2013

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GE6351 Notes ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

GE6351 Notes ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING Regulation 2013 Anna University

UNIT I ENVIRONMENT, ECOSYSTEMS AND BIODIVERSITY GE6351 Notes

Definition, scope and importance of Risk and hazards; Chemical hazards, Physical hazards, Biological hazards in the environment – concept of an ecosystem – structure and function of an ecosystem – producers, consumers and decomposers-Oxygen cycle and Nitrogen cycle – energy flow in the ecosystem – ecological succession processes – Introduction, types, characteristic features, structure and function of the (a) forest ecosystem (b) grassland
ecosystem (c) desert ecosystem (d) aquatic ecosystems (ponds, streams, lakes, rivers, oceans, estuaries) – Introduction to biodiversity definition: genetic, species and ecosystem
diversity – biogeographical classification of India – value of biodiversity: consumptive use, productive use, social, ethical, aesthetic and option values – Biodiversity at global, national
and local levels – India as a mega-diversity nation – hot-spots of biodiversity – threats to biodiversity: habitat loss, poaching of wildlife, man-wildlife conflicts – endangered and endemic species of India – conservation of biodiversity: In-situ and ex-situ conservation of biodiversity. Field study of common plants, insects, birds Field study of simple ecosystems – pond, river, hill slopes, etc.

UNIT II ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION GE6351 Notes

Definition – causes, effects and control measures of: (a) Air pollution (Atmospheric chemistry- Chemical composition of the atmosphere; Chemical and photochemical reactions
in the atmosphere – formation of smog, PAN, acid rain, oxygen and ozone chemistry;- Mitigation procedures- Control of particulate and gaseous emission, Control of SO2, NOX, CO and HC) (b) Water pollution : Physical and chemical properties of terrestrial and marine
water and their environmental significance; quality parameters – physical, chemical and biological; absorption of heavy metals – Water treatment processes. (c) Soil pollution –
soil waste management: causes, effects and control measures of municipal solid wastes – (d) Marine pollution (e) Noise pollution (f) Thermal pollution (g) Nuclear hazards–role of an individual in prevention of pollution – pollution case studies – Field study of local polluted site – Urban / Rural / Industrial / Agricultural.

UNIT III NATURAL RESOURCES GE6351 Notes

Forest resources: Use and over-exploitation, deforestation, case studies- timber extraction, mining, dams and their effects on forests and tribal people – Water resources: Use and overutilization of surface and ground water, dams-benefits and problems – Mineral
resources: Use and exploitation, environmental effects of extracting and using mineral resources, case studies – Food resources: World food problems, changes caused byagriculture and overgrazing, effects of modern agriculture, fertilizer-pesticide problems,
water logging, salinity, case studies – Energy resources: Growing energy needs, renewable and non renewable energy sources, use of alternate energy sources. Energy Conversion processes – Biogas – production and uses, anaerobic digestion; case studies – Land
resources: Land as a resource, land degradation, man induced landslides, soil erosion and desertification – role of an individual in conservation of natural resources – Equitable use of resources for sustainable lifestyles. Introduction to Environmental Biochemistry: Proteins – Biochemical degradation of pollutants, Bioconversion of pollutants. Field study of local area to document environmental assets – river / forest / grassland / hill / mountain.

UNIT IV SOCIAL ISSUES AND THE ENVIRONMENT GE6351 Notes

From unsustainable to sustainable development – urban problems related to energy – water conservation, rain water harvesting, watershed management – resettlement and rehabilitation of people; its problems and concerns, case studies – role of non-governmental
organization environmental ethics: Issues and possible solutions –  Principles of green chemistry- nuclear accidents and holocaust, case studies. – wasteland reclamation – consumerism and waste products – environment production act – Air act – Water act –
Wildlife protection act – Forest conservation act – The Biomedical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules; 1998 and amendments- scheme of labeling of environmentally friendly products (Ecomark). enforcement machinery involved in environmental legislation- central and state pollution control boards- disaster management: floods, earthquake, cyclone and landslides. Public awareness.

UNIT V HUMAN POPULATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT  GE6351 Notes

Population growth, variation among nations – population explosion – family welfare programme – environment and human health – human rights – value education – HIV / AIDS – women and child welfare –Environmental impact analysis (EIA)- -GIS-remote sensing-role of information technology in environment and human health – Case studies.

Subject Name	ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
Subject code	GE6351
Regulation	2013

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ME6403 Notes Engineering Materials and Metallurgy

ME6403 Notes Engineering Materials and Metallurgy regulation 2013 Anna University

OBJECTIVES ME6403 Notes:

To impart knowledge on the structure, properties, treatment, testing and applications of metals and non-metallic materials so as to identify and select suitable materials for various engineering applications.

OUTCOMES:

Upon completion of this course, the students can able to apply the different materials,
their processing, heat treatments in suitable application in mechanical engineering fields.

TEXT BOOKS ME6403 Notes:

1. Avner,, S.H., “Introduction to Physical Metallurgy”, McGraw Hill Book Company,1994.

2. Williams D Callister, “Material Science and Engineering” Wiley India Pvt Ltd, Revised Indian Edition 2007

REFERENCES:

1. Raghavan.V, “Materials Science and Engineering”, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., 1999.

2. Kenneth G.Budinski and Michael K. Budinski, “Engineering Materials”, Prentice Hall of India Private Limited, 4th Indian Reprint 2002.

3. Upadhyay. G.S. and Anish Upadhyay, “Materials Science and Engineering”, Viva Books Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2006.

4. U.C.Jindal : Material Science and Metallurgy, “Engineering Materials and Mettalurgy”, First Edition, Dorling Kindersley, 2012

Subject Name	Engineering Materials and Metallurgy
Subject Code	ME6403
Regulation	2013
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ME6402 Notes Manufacturing Technology 2

ME6402 Notes Manufacturing Technology 2 Regulation 2013 Anna University

OBJECTIVES ME6402 Notes:

To understand the concept and basic mechanics of metal cutting, working of standard machine tools such as lathe, shaping and allied machines, milling, drilling and allied machines, grinding and allied machines and broaching.

To understand the basic concepts of Computer Numerical Control (CNC) of machine tools and CNC Programming

OUTCOMES ME6402:

Upon completion of this course, the students can able to understand and compare the functions and applications of different metal cutting tools and also demonstrate the programming in CNC machining.

TEXT BOOKS ME6402:

1. Hajra Choudhury, “Elements of Workshop Technology”, Vol.II., Media Promoters

2. Rao. P.N “Manufacturing Technology – Metal Cutting and Machine Tools”, Tata McGrawHill, New Delhi, 2003.

REFERENCES ME6402:

1. Richerd R Kibbe, John E. Neely, Roland O. Merges and Warren J.White “Machine Tool Practices”, Prentice Hall of India, 1998

2. HMT, “Production Technology”, Tata McGraw Hill, 1998.

3. Geofrey Boothroyd, “Fundamentals of Metal Machining and Machine Tools”, Mc Graw Hill, 1984

4. Roy. A.Lindberg, “Process and Materials of Manufacture,” Fourth Edition, PHI/Pearson Education 2006.

Subject Name	Manufacturing Technology 2
Subject Code	Me6402
Regulation	2013
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ME6401 Notes KINEMATICS OF MACHINERY

ME6401 Notes KINEMATICS OF MACHINERY Regulation 2013 Anna University

OBJECTIVES ME6401 Notes:

To understand the basic components and layout of linkages in the assembly of a system /
machine.

Understand the principles in analyzing the assembly with respect to the displacement,
velocity, and acceleration at any point in a link of a mechanism.

To understand the motion resulting from a specified set of linkages, design few linkage
mechanisms and cam mechanisms for specified output motions.

Understand the basic concepts of toothed gearing and kinematics of gear trains and the
effects of friction in motion transmission and in machine components.

TEXT BOOKS ME6401 Notes:

1. Uicker, J.J., Pennock G.R and Shigley, J.E., “Theory of Machines and Mechanisms”, 3rd Edition, Oxford University Press, 2009.

2. Rattan, S.S, “Theory of Machines”, 3rd Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2009.

REFERENCES ME6401 Notes:

1. Thomas Bevan, “Theory of Machines”, 3rd Edition, CBS Publishers and Distributors, 2005.

2. Cleghorn. W. L, “Mechanisms of Machines”, Oxford University Press, 2005

3. Robert L. Norton, “Kinematics and Dynamics of Machinery”, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2009.

4. Allen S. Hall Jr., “Kinematics and Linkage Design”, Prentice Hall, 1961

5. Ghosh. A and Mallick, A.K., “Theory of Mechanisms and Machines”, Affiliated East-West Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1988.

6. Rao.J.S. and Dukkipati.R.V. “Mechanisms and Machine Theory”, Wiley-Eastern Ltd., New Delhi, 1992.

7. John Hannah and Stephens R.C., “Mechanics of Machines”, Viva Low-Prices Student Edition, 1999.

8. Ramamurthi. V, “Mechanics of Machines”, Narosa Publishing House, 2002.

9. Khurmi, R.S., ”Theory of Machines”,14th Edition, S Chand Publications, 2005

10. Sadhu Sigh : Theory of Machines, “Kinematics of Machine”, Third Edition, Pearson Education, 2012.

Subject Name	KINEMATICS OF MACHINERY
Subject Code	Me6401
Regulation	2013
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MA6452 notes Statistics and Numerical Methods

MA6452 notes Statistics and Numerical Methods regulation 2013 Anna University

OBJECTIVES MA6452 notes:

This course aims at providing the necessary basic concepts of a few statistical and numerical methods and give procedures for solving numerically different kinds of problems occurring in engineering and technology.

OUTCOMES

It helps the students to have a clear perception of the power of statistical and numerical techniques, ideas and would be able to demonstrate the applications of these techniques to problems drawn from industry, management and other engineering fields.

TEXT BOOKS MA6452 notes

1. Johnson. R.A., and Gupta. C.B., “Miller and Freund’s Probability and Statistics for Engineers”, 11th Edition, Pearson Education, , Asia, 2011.
2. Grewal. B.S., and Grewal. J.S., “Numerical Methods in Engineering and Science”, 9th Edition, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi, 2007. 41

REFERENCES

1. Walpole. R.E., Myers. R.H., Myers. S.L., and Ye. K., “Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientists”, 8th Edition, Pearson Education, Asia, 2007.
2. Spiegel. M.R., Schiller. J., and Srinivasan. R.A., “Schaum’s Outlines on Probability and Statistics”, Tata McGraw Hill Edition, 2004.
3. Chapra. S.C., and Canale. R.P, “Numerical Methods for Engineers”, 5th Edition, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 2007.
4. Gerald. C.F., and Wheatley. P.O. “Applied Numerical Analysis” Pearson Education, Asia, New Delhi, 2006.

Subject Name	Statistics and Numerical Methods
Subject Code	MA6452
Regulation	2013
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CE6405 notes Soil Mechanics

CE6405 notes Soil Mechanics Regulation 2013 Anna University.

UNIT I SOIL CLASSIFICATION AND COMPACTION CE6405 notes

Nature of soil – phase relationships – Soil description and classification for engineering purposes, their significance – Index properties of soils – BIS Classification system – Soil compaction – Theory, comparison of laboratory and field compaction methods – Factors influencing compaction behaviour of soils.

UNIT II SOIL WATER AND WATER FLOW

Soil water – static pressure in water – Effective stress concepts in soils – capillary stress – Permeability measurement in the laboratory and field pumping in pumping out tests – factors influencing permeability of soils – Seepage – introduction to flow nets – Simple
problems. (sheet pile and weir).

UNIT III STRESS DISTRIBUTION AND SETTLEMENT CE6405 notes

Stress distribution – soil media – Boussinesq theory – Use of Newmarks influence chart – Components of settlement –– immediate and consolidation settlement – Terzaghi‟s onedimensional consolidation theory – computation of rate of settlement. – √t and log t methods– e-log p relationship – Factors influencing compression behaviour of soils.

UNIT IV SHEAR STRENGTH

Shear strength of cohesive and cohesionless soils – Mohr – Coulomb failure theory –Measurement of shear strength, direct shear – Triaxial compression, UCC and Vane shear tests –
Pore pressure parameters – cyclic mobility – Liquefaction.

UNIT V SLOPE STABILITY CE6405 notes

Slope failure mechanisms – Types – infinite slopes – finite slopes – Total stress analysis for saturated clay – Fellenius method – Friction circle method – Use of stability number – slope protection measures.

Subject Name	Soil Mechanics
Subject Code	CE6405
Regulation	2013
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CE6404 Notes SURVEYING 2 

CE6404 Notes SURVEYING 2 REGULATION 2013 Anna University

UNIT I CONTROL SURVEYING CE6404 Notes

Horizontal and vertical control – Methods – specifications – triangulation- baseline – instruments and accessories – corrections – satellite stations – reduction to centre- trigonometrical levelling –
single and reciprocal observations – traversing – Gale‟s table.

UNIT II SURVEY ADJUSTMENT CE6404 Notes

Errors Sources- precautions and corrections – classification of errors – true and most probable valuesweighed observations – method of equal shifts –principle of least squares -0 normal equation – correlateslevel nets- adjustment of simple triangulation networks.

UNIT III TOTAL STATION SURVEYING CE6404 Notes

Basic Principle – Classifications -Electro-optical system: Measuring principle, Working principle, Sources of Error, Infrared and Laser Total Station instruments. Microwave system: Measuring principle, working principle, Sources of Error, Microwave Total Station instruments. Comparis on between Electro-optical and
Microwave system. Care and maintenance of Total Station instruments. Modern positioning systems – Traversing and Trilateration.

UNIT IV GPS SURVEYING Notes

Basic Concepts – Different segments – space, control and user segments – satellite configuration – signal structure – Orbit determination and representation – Anti Spoofing and Selective Availability – Task of control segment – Hand Held and Geodetic receivers –data processing – Traversing and triangulation.

UNIT V ADVANCED TOPICS IN SURVEYING CE6404

Route Surveying – Reconnaissance – Route surveys for highways, railways and waterways – Simple curves – Compound and reverse curves – Setting out Methods – Transition curves – Functions and requirements – Setting out by offsets and angles – Vertical curves – Sight distances-hydrographic surveying – Tides – MSL
– Sounding methods – Three-point problem – Strength of fix – Sextants and station pointer- Astronomical Surveying – field observations and determination of Azimuth by altitude and hour angle methods – fundamentals of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Subject Name	Surveying 2
Subject Code	CE6404
Regulation	2013
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